abakhiqizi bezingubo zekhwalithi
Manje sebebaningi kakhulu abahlinzeki, abahwebi, izimboni, izimboni nezohwebo. Ngabahlinzeki abaningi kangaka, singathola kanjani aumphakeli ofanelekayokithi? Ungalandela amaphuzu ambalwa.
01Isitifiketi sokucwaningwa kwamabhuku
Uqinisekisa kanjani ukuthi abahlinzeki bakho bafanelekile njengoba bebabonisa ku-PPT?
Ukuqinisekiswa kwabahlinzeki ngezinkampani zangaphandle kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokuqinisekisa ukuthi izidingo namazinga amakhasimende ahlangatshezwana nawo ngokuqinisekisa izinqubo zokusebenza kokukhiqiza, ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo nokuphathwa kwemibhalo.
Isitifiketi sigxile ezindlekweni, kwikhwalithi, ekulethweni, ekunakekeleni, ekuphepheni nakwindawo ezungezile.Nge-ISO, isitifiketi sesici somkhakha noma ikhodi ka-Dun, ukuthenga kungahlunga abahlinzeki ngokushesha.
02Hlola isimo sezulu se-geopolitical
Njengoba impi yohwebo phakathi kweChina ne-US idlondlobala, abanye abathengi babhekise amehlo abo emazweni abiza kancane aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, njengeVietnam, Thailand neCambodia.
Abahlinzeki kulawa mazwe banganikeza amanani aphansi, kodwa ingqalasizinda ebuthaka, ubudlelwano babasebenzi kanye nesiyaluyalu sezombusazwe kungase kuvimbele ukuhlinzekwa okuzinzile.
NgoJanuwari 2010, iqembu lezepolitiki laseThailand lathatha izintambo zokulawula Isikhumulo Sezindiza Samazwe Ngamazwe SaseSuvarnabhumi enhloko-dolobha, lamisa konke ukungeniswa komoya kanye nokusebenza kwamanye amazwe eBangkok, emazweni angomakhelwane kuphela.
NgoMeyi 2014, ukushaya, ukuphihliza, ukuphanga kanye nokushiswa kwabatshalizimali bakwamanye amazwe kanye namabhizinisi eVietnam. Amanye amabhizinisi nabasebenzi baseShayina, okuhlanganisa iTaiwan neHong Kong, kanye namabhizinisi aseSingapore naseNingizimu Korea, ashayeke ngamazinga ahlukahlukene, abangela ukulahlekelwa kwemiphefumulo nempahla.
Ubungozi bokuphakelwa endaweni kumele buhlolwe ngaphambi kokukhetha umphakeli.
03Hlola ukusimama kwezimali
Ukuthenga kudinga ukunaka impilo yezezimali yomphakeli, futhi akumele kulinde kuze kube olunye uhlangothi lube nezinkinga zebhizinisi.
Kufana nangaphambi kokuzamazama komhlaba, kunezimpawu ezingavamile, futhi ezinye izimpawu ngaphambi kokuba isimo sezimali somphakeli singahambi kahle.
Njengokuhamba njalo, ikakhulukazi labo ababhekele amabhizinisi abo abalulekile. Isilinganiso esiphezulu sezikweletu sabahlinzeki singase siholele ekucindezelweni kwezimali okuqinile, futhi iphutha elincane lingabangela ukugqashuka kochungechunge lwemali. Amanye amasiginali nawo angahle ehle amazinga okulethwa ngesikhathi kanye nekhwalithi, amaholide esikhathi eside angakhokhelwa noma ngisho nokudilizwa okukhulu, izindaba zokuxhumana ezingezinhle ezivela kubaphathi babahlinzeki, nokunye.
04 Linganisa izingozi ezihlobene nesimo sezulu
Ukukhiqiza akuyona imboni encike esimweni sezulu, kodwa isimo sezulu sisathinta ukuphazamiseka kwe-supply chain. Izivunguvungu ezindaweni ezisogwini oluseningizimu-mpumalanga njalo ehlobo zizothinta abahlinzeki ezifundazweni zaseFujian, Zhejiang naseGuangdong.
Izinhlekelele zesibili ezihlukahlukene ngemva kokufika kwesishingishane zizodala izinsongo ezinkulu kanye nokulahlekelwa okukhulu ekukhiqizeni, ekusebenzeni, kwezokuthutha nokuphepha komuntu siqu.
Lapho kukhethwa umhlinzeki ongase abe umhlinzeki, ukuthengwa kwempahla kudinga ukuhlola izimo zezulu ezijwayelekile endaweni, kuhlole ubungozi bokuphazamiseka kokuhlinzekwa kwempahla, kanye nokuthi umphakeli unalo yini uhlelo lwezimo eziphuthumayo. Uma kwenzeka inhlekelele yemvelo, indlela yokusabela ngokushesha, ukuqalisa kabusha ukukhiqiza, nokugcina ibhizinisi elivamile.
05Qinisekisa ukuthi kunezisekelo eziningi zokukhiqiza
Abanye abahlinzeki abakhulu bazoba nezisekelo zokukhiqiza noma izindawo zokugcina izimpahla emazweni amaningi nasezifundeni, okuzonikeza abathengi izinketho ezengeziwe. Izindleko zokuhamba nezinye izindleko ezihambisanayo zizohluka ngendawo yokuthunyelwa. Ibanga lezokuthutha nalo lizoba nomthelela esikhathini sokulethwa. Lapho isikhathi sokulethwa sisifishane, sinciphisa izindleko zokubamba i-inventory yomthengi, futhi singasabela ngokushesha ekuguquguqukeni kwesidingo semakethe, futhi sigweme ukushoda kwezimpahla kanye nempahla evilaphayo.
Izisekelo zokukhiqiza eziningi zingadambisa ukushoda kwamandla. Lapho kwenzeka ibhodlela lesikhathi esifushane embonini, abahlinzeki bangahlela ukukhiqiza kwezinye izimboni ezinomthamo onganele.
Uma izindleko zokuthutha zomkhiqizo zenza inani eliphezulu lezindleko zokubamba, umphakeli kufanele acabangele ukwakha imboni eduze nendawo yekhasimende. Abahlinzeki bezingilazi zezimoto namathayi ngokuvamile bamisa izimboni ezizungeze i-oEMS ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zamakhasimende ze-JIT.
Kwesinye isikhathi umphakeli uba nezisekelo eziningi zokukhiqiza.
06Thola ukubonakala kwedatha yokusungula
Kunama-V amathathu adumile esu lokuphatha i-supply chain, okuyilawa:
Ukubonakala, ukubonakala
Isivinini, isivinini
Ukuhlukahluka, Ukuhlukahluka
Isihluthulelo sempumelelo ye-supply chain ukwandisa ukubonakala kanye nesivinini se-supply chain kanye nokuzivumelanisa noshintsho. Ngokuthola idatha yokugcina izinto ezibalulekile zomphakeli, umthengi angakwazi ukwazi indawo yezimpahla nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ukuze avimbele ingozi yokuphelelwa isitoko.
07Phenya ukusebenza kwe-supply chain
Lapho isidingo somthengi sishintshashintsha, umphakeli kudingeka alungise uhlelo lokuhlinzeka ngesikhathi. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-Agility Agility ye-Supplier chain kufanele iphenywe.
Ngokwencazelo yemodeli yereferensi yokusebenza kwe-SCOR supply chain, ubugwegwe buchazwa njengobukhulu obuthathu obuhlukene, okuyibo:
① ngokushesha
Ukuya phezulu Ukuvumelana nezimo Ukuguquguquka okubheke phezulu, zingaki izinsuku ezidingekayo, kungafinyelela ukukhushulwa komthamo ngo-20%.
② isilinganiso
Ukuguquguquka okuphezulu kokuguquguquka kwe-Upside, ezinsukwini ezingama-30, umthamo wokukhiqiza ungafinyelela inani eliphakeme.
③ ukuwa
I-Downadaptation Downside adaptability, phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-30, ukuncishiswa kwe-oda ngeke kuthinteke, uma ukuncishiswa kwe-oda kukukhulu kakhulu, abahlinzeki bazoba nezikhalazo eziningi, noma badlulisele umthamo kwamanye amakhasimende.
Ukuze uqonde ikhono lokunikezela labahlinzeki, umthengi angaqonda amandla enye inhlangano ngokushesha okukhulu, futhi abe nokuhlola kobuningi bomthamo wokunikezela kusengaphambili.
08Hlola izibopho zesevisi kanye nezidingo zekhasimende
Lungiselela okubi kakhulu futhi ulungiselele okuhle kakhulu. Umthengi udinga ukuhlola futhi ahlole izinga lesevisi yekhasimende lomnikezeli ngamunye.
Ukuthengwa kwempahla kudinga ukusayina isivumelwano sokuhlinzeka nomphakeli, ukuqinisekisa izinga lensizakalo yokuhlinzeka, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemigomo emisiwe, ukucaciswa phakathi kokuthengwa kwempahla nabahlinzeki bempahla eluhlaza, mayelana nemithetho yokulethwa kwe-oda, njengokubikezela, ukuhleleka, ukulethwa, imibhalo, imodi yokulayisha, imvamisa yokulethwa, isikhathi sokulinda ukulethwa kanye nezinga lelebula lokupakisha, njalonjalo.
09Thola isikhathi sokuhola kanye nezibalo zokulethwa
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, isikhathi esifushane sokulethwa okuholayo singanciphisa izindleko zokubamba uhlu lomthengi nezinga le-inventory yokuphepha, futhi lingasabela ngokushesha ekuguquguqukeni kokufunwa phansi komfula.
Umthengi kufanele azame ukukhetha umphakeli onesikhathi esifushane sokuhola.Ukusebenza kokulethwa kuyisihluthulelo sokukala ukusebenza komphakeli, futhi uma umphakeli ehluleka ukunikeza ulwazi mayelana nenani lokulethwa ngesikhathi, kusho ukuthi le nkomba ayizange ikuthole ukunakwa okufanele.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, umphakeli angakwazi ukulandelela ngenkuthalo isimo sokulethwa kanye nempendulo ngesikhathi ngezinkinga zenqubo yokulethwa, okuzozuza ukwethenjwa komthengi.
10Qinisekisa izimo zokukhokha
Izinkampani ezinkulu zamazwe ngamazwe zinemibandela yokukhokha efanayo, njengezinsuku ezingu-60, izinsuku ezingu-90 ngemva kokuthola ama-invoyisi. Ngaphandle uma elinye iqembu linikezela ngezinto zokusetshenziswa okunzima ukuzithola, umthengi uzimisele kakhulu ukukhetha umphakeli ovumelana nemibandela yakhe yokukhokha.
Lawa amakhono angu-10 engikufingqile wona. Lapho wenza amasu okuthenga nokukhetha abahlinzeki, ungacabangela lawa macebiso futhi uthuthukise ipheya “yamehlo abukhali”.
Ekugcineni, ngizokutshela indlela encane yokukhetha abahlinzeki, okungukuthi, ukuthumela umlayezo kithi ngokuqondile, uzothola ngokusheshaumphakeli wezingubo ongcono kakhulu, ukusiza umkhiqizo wakho ube sezingeni eliphezulu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-25-2024
