Ukuphrinta kwesikrini kubhekiswa ekusetshenzisweni kwesikrini njengesisekelo seplate, nangendlela yokwenza ipuleti yepuleti, eyenziwe ngezithombe zokuphrinta isikrini. Ukuphrinta kwesikrini kuqukethe izinto ezinhlanu, ipuleti yesikrini, i-scraper, i-ink, itafula lokuphrinta kanye ne-substrate. Ukuphrinta kwesikrini kungenye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu zendalo yobuciko.
1. YiniUkuphrinta kwesikrini
Ukuphrinta kwesikrini inqubo yokudlulisela ukwakheka kwe-stencil endaweni eyisicaba esebenzisa isikrini, uyinki, nesikhafu. Indwangu nephepha yizindawo ezivame kakhulu zokuphrinta kwesikrini, kepha zisebenzisa ama-inks akhethekile, kungenzeka futhi ukuphrinta ngokhuni, insimbi, ipulasitiki ngisho nengilazi. Indlela eyisisekelo ifaka ukudala isikhunta esikrinini esihle se-mesh bese ucophelela uyinki (noma upende, esimweni sezobuciko kanye namaphosta) ngokusebenzisa ukwakheka ebusweni ngezansi.
Le nqubo kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi "ukuphrinta kwesikrini" noma "ukuphrinta kwesikrini," futhi yize inqubo yangempela yokuphrinta ihlala ifana kakhulu, ngendlela eyakhiwe ngayo ingahlukahluka, ngokuya ngezinto ezisetshenzisiwe. Amasu ahlukene wethempulethi afaka:
Setha i-APE noma i-Vinyl ukumboza indawo oyifunayo yesikrini.
Sebenzisa "blocker yesikrini" njenge-glue noma ngepende ukupenda isikhunta kugridi.
Dala i-stencil usebenzisa i-emulsion enezithombe, bese uthuthukisa i-stencil ngendlela efanayo nesithombe (ungafunda kabanzi ngalokhu kusiqondisi se-Step-By-Step Guide).
Imiklamo eyenziwe kusetshenziswa amasu wokuphrinta wesikrini angasebenzisa i-inks eyodwa noma eyodwa kuphela. Ngezinto ezinemibala eminingi, umbala ngamunye kufanele usetshenziswe kungqimba ehlukile nethempulethi ehlukile esetshenziselwa uyinki ngayinye.
2. Kungani usebenzise ukuphrinta kwesikrini
Enye yezizathu zobuchwepheshe bokuphrinta isikrini isetshenziswa kabanzi yingoba ikhiqiza imibala evuthayo ngisho nasezivalweni ezimnyama. I-ink noma upende nayo itholakala ezingxenyeni eziningi ebusweni bendwangu noma iphepha, ngaleyo ndlela inikeze ucezu oluphrintiwe ngokuthinta okugculisayo.
Ubuchwepheshe buyathandeka ngoba buvumela ama-PRI nters ukukopisha kalula ama-Designs amahlandla amaningi. Njengoba ukwakhiwa kungakopishwa kaninginingi kusetshenziswa isikhunta esifanayo, kuyasiza ekwakheni amakhophi amaningi wengubo efanayo noma isengezo. Lapho isebenza ngephrinta enolwazi isebenzisa imishini yobuchwepheshe, kungenzeka futhi ukudala imiklamo yemibala eyinkimbinkimbi. Ngenkathi ubunzima benqubo busho ukuthi inani lemibala Iphrinta angalisebenzisa lilinganiselwe, linamandla amaningi kunalokho okungatholakala kusetshenziswa ukuphrinta kwedijithali kuphela.
Ukuphrinta kwesikrini kuyindlela edumile phakathi kwabaculi kanye nabaqambi ngenxa yokusebenza okuhlukahlukene kanye nekhono lokukhiqiza kabusha imibala ekhanyayo nezithombe ezicacile. Ngaphezu kuka-Andy Warhol, abanye abaculi abaziwa ngokusetshenziswa kwabo kwesikrini kubandakanya uRobert Rauschenberg, Ben Shahn, Eduardo Paolozzi, Richard Hamilton, Rbri Matisse kanye noRichard Elesses.
3. Izinyathelo zokuphrinta kwesikrini
Kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuphrinta kwesikrini, kepha zonke zibandakanya amasu afanayo ayisisekelo. Uhlobo lokuphrinta esizoxoxa ngalo ngezansi sisebenzisa i-emulsion ekhethekile esebenza ngokukhanyayo ukudala ama-stencils ngokwezifiso; Ngoba ingasetshenziswa ukwenza ama-stencils ayinkimbinkimbi, ivame ukuba uhlobo oludumile kakhulu lokuphrinta okuthengiswayo.
Isinyathelo 1: Idizayini iyadalwa
Okokuqala, iphrinta ithatha umklamo abafuna ukuwakha emkhiqizweni wokugcina, bese uyiphrinta kwifilimu ebonakalayo ye-acetic acetic. Lokhu kuzosetshenziselwa ukudala isikhunta.
Isinyathelo 2: Lungiselela isikrini
Okulandelayo, iphrinta ikhetha isikrini se-mesh ukuze ivumelane nobunzima bokwakheka kanye nokuthungwa kwendwangu ephrintiwe. Isikrini sibe senziwe nge-emulsion ye-PhotoReactive ethuthukisa lapho kuklanywe ngaphansi kokukhanya okukhanyayo.
Isinyathelo 3: Veza i-lotion
Ishidi le-acetate nalomklamo bese lifakwa esikrinini se-emulsion futhi wonke umkhiqizo uvezwa ukukhanya okukhanya kakhulu. Ukukhanya kuqinisa i-emulsion, ngakho-ke ingxenye yesikrini embozwe umklamo uhlala uketshezi.
Uma ukwakhiwa kokugcina kuzoba nemibala eminingi, isikrini esihlukile kufanele sisetshenziselwe ukusebenzisa ungqimba ngalunye lwe-ink. Ukwakha imikhiqizo enemibala eminingi, iphrinta kumele isebenzise amakhono akhe ukuklama isifanekiso ngasinye futhi ivumelanise nabo kahle ukuze iqinisekise ukuthi ukwakheka kokugcina akunamthungo.
Isinyathelo 4: Geza i-emulsion ukwakha i-stencil
Ngemuva kokudalula isikrini isikhathi esithile, izindawo zesikrini ezingambozwa umklamo zizoqina. Ngemuva kwalokho hlambulula ngokucophelela yonke into ende ngaphandle. Lokhu kushiya umlingisi ocacile wokwakheka esikrinini ukuze uyinki ozodlula.
Isikrini bese somile bese iphrinta izokwenza noma ikuphi okuthinta okudingekayo noma ukulungiswa kokwenza umbhalo eduze komklamo wokuqala ngangokunokwenzeka. Manje ungasebenzisa isikhunta.
Isinyathelo 5: Into ilungele ukuphrinta
Isikrini bese sibekwa ku-Press. Into noma ingubo okufanele iphrintiwe ibekwe phansi epuletini lokuphrinta ngaphansi kwesikrini.
Kunemishini eminingi ehlukene yokuphrinta, zombili izincwajana nokuzenzakalelayo, kepha imishini yokuphrinta eminingi yanamuhla izosebenzisa ama-rotary disk disk press, ngoba lokhu kuvumela izikrini eziningana ezahlukahlukene ukuthi ziqhutshwe ngasikhathi sinye. Ukuphrinta kombala, le phrinta nayo ingasetshenziswa ukufaka izingqimba ngazinye zombala ngokulandelana okusheshayo.
Isinyathelo 6: Cindezela uyinki ngokusebenzisa isikrini ungene entweni
Isikrini sehla ebhodini eliphrintiwe. Faka i-ink phezulu kwesikrini bese usebenzisa i-scraper emsulwa ukudonsa uyinki eduze kobude besikrini. Lokhu kucindezela uyinki phezu kwendawo evulekile yethempulethi, ngaleyo ndlela efaka umklamo emkhiqizweni ongezansi.
Uma iphrinta idala izinto eziningi, phakamisa isikrini bese ubeka izingubo ezintsha epuletini lokuphrinta. Bese uphinda inqubo.
Lapho zonke izinto ziphrintiwe futhi ithempulethi iye yasebenza injongo yayo, ingabe isixazululo esikhethekile sokuhlanza singasetshenziswa ukususa i-emulsion ukuze isikrini siphinde sisebenzise ithempulethi entsha.
Isinyathelo 7: Yomisa umkhiqizo, hlola bese uqeda
Umkhiqizo ophrintiwe bese udluliswa nge-dryer, "ephulukisa" uyinki futhi ukhiqize umphumela ongaphezulu webanga elibushelelezi. Ngaphambi kokuthi umkhiqizo wokugcina udluliselwe kumnikazi omusha, uyahlolwa futhi ahlanzwa ngokuphelele ukuze asuse zonke izinsalela.
4. Amathuluzi wokuphrinta wesikrini
Ukuze uhlanzeke, ukuphrinta okucacile, ukucindezela kwesikrini kudingeka kube namathuluzi afanele ukuqedela umsebenzi. Lapha, sizoxoxa ngedivayisi ngayinye yokuphrinta yesikrini, okubandakanya neqhaza abalidlalayo kwinqubo yokuphrinta.
| umshini wokuphrinta wesikrini |
Yize kungenzeka ukuphrinta kusetshenziswa kuphela ama-mesh mesh kanye ne-squeegee, iningi labaphrinta lithanda ukusebenzisa umshini ngoba liyabavumela ukuba baphrinte izinto eziningi ngempumelelo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umshini wokuphrinta ubamba isikrini esikhundleni phakathi kwamaphrinta, okwenza kube lula ukuthi umsebenzisi ashintshe iphepha noma izingubo ezizophrintwa.
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zemishini yokuphrinta: ibhukwana, elizenzakalelayo elizenzakalelayo nelizenzakalelayo. Ukucindezela kwezandla kusebenza ngesandla, okusho ukuthi bakhandleka kakhulu. Ukucindezela okuzenzakalelayo okuzenzakalelayo kusebenza ngokwengxenye, kepha kusadinga okokufaka komuntu ukushintshanisa izinto ezicindezelwe, ngenkathi izingcindezi ezenzakalelayo zizenzakalelayo futhi zidinga okokufaka okuncane.
Amabhizinisi adinga inani elikhulu lamaphrojekthi wokuphrinta ajwayele ukusebenzisa okuzenzakalelayo noma okuzenzakalelayo okuzenzakalelayo ngoba angaphrinta ngokushesha, ngempumelelo nangamaphutha amancane. Izinkampani ezincane noma izinkampani ezisebenzisa ukuphrinta kwesikrini njengoba umdlalo wokuzilibazisa ungathola imishini yokuthengisa ye-Desktop (kwesinye isikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi yi- "Hand" Presses) ilungele kangcono izidingo zabo.
| uyinki |
I-ink, i-pigment, noma upende ucindezelwa esikrinini se-mesh futhi entweni ezophrintwa, kudluliselwe umklamo wombala wedizayini ye-stencil emkhiqizweni.
Ukukhetha uyinki akukona nje ngokukhetha umbala, kunezindlela eziningi eziningi. Kunama-inks amaningi ochwepheshe angasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza imiphumela ehlukile kumkhiqizo ophelile. Isibonelo, amaphrinta angasebenzisa ama-inks we-flash, ama-inks we-deforment, noma ama-inks akhukhumele (andisa ukwakha indawo ephakanyisiwe) ukukhiqiza ukubukeka okuhlukile. Iphrinta futhi izocubungula uhlobo lwendwangu lokuphrinta kwesikrini, njengoba amanye ama-inks esebenza kahle kwezinye izinto kunabanye.
Lapho ukuphrinta ukuphrinta, iphrinta izosebenzisa uyinki okuwo okugeza umshini ngemuva kokuphathwa ukushisa futhi kwelashwa. Lokhu kuzoholela ekungaphelisweni, izinto zesikhathi eside ezigqokwa ezingadliwa kaninginingi.
| isikrini |
Isikrini ekuphrintweni kwesikrini siwuhlaka lwensimbi noma ngokhuni olumbozwe ngendwangu enhle ye-mesh. Ngokwesiko, le mesh yenziwa ngentambo kasilika, kodwa namhlanje, ithathelwe indawo yi-polyester fiber, enikeza ukusebenza okufanayo ngentengo ephansi. Ubukhulu kanye nenombolo yentambo ye-mesh ingakhethwa ukuze ivumelane nendawo ukuthi iphrintiwe noma ukuthungwa kwendwangu, futhi izikhala phakathi kwemigqa zincane, ukuze imininingwane eminingi ingatholwa ekushicilelweni.
Ngemuva kokuthi isikrini sihlanganiswe nge-emulsion futhi sidalulwe, singasetshenziswa njengethempulethi. Ngemuva kokuthi inqubo yokuphrinta isikrini iphelele, ingahlanzwa futhi isetshenziswe kabusha.
| scraper |
I-scraper iyi-scraper enjoloba enamathiselwe ebhodini lokhuni, insimbi noma isibambo sepulasitiki. Isetshenziselwa ukucindezela i-ink ngokusebenzisa isikrini se-mesh futhi ungene ebusweni ukuze uphrintiwe. Abaphrinta bavame ukukhetha i-scraper eyefana ngosayizi esikrinini ngoba inikeza ukumbozwa okungcono.
I-reabber rubber scraper efanelekile ukuphrinta imiklamo eyinkimbinkimbi enemininingwane eminingi, njengoba iqinisekisa ukuthi wonke amakhona nezikhala ku-isikhunta amunca ungqimba lwe-ink ngokulinganayo. Lapho unyathelisa ama-design anemininingwane ethe xaxa noma ukuphrinta ngendwangu, athambile, ukuhoxa okuvuthayo kwerabha kuvame ukusetshenziswa.
| Isiteshi sokuhlanza |
Izikrini zidinga ukuhlanzwa ngemuva kokusebenzisa yonke iminonjana ye-emulsion, ngakho-ke zingasetshenziswa futhi ukuze kushicilelwe kamuva. Ezinye izindlu ezinkulu zokunyathelisa zingasebenzisa ama-vats of fluid akhethekile wokuhlanza noma i-acid ukuze asuse i-emulsion, kanti amanye asebenzisa kuphela ukucwila noma ukucwila kanye ne-hose yamandla ukuhlanza isikrini.
5. Ngabe i-ink yokuphrinta ye-Screen iyageza?
Uma ingubo ibekwe kahle isikrini ephrintiwe nguchwepheshe oqeqeshiwe usebenzisa uyinki ophathwe ukushisa, umklamo akufanele ugezwe. Ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi umbala awupheli, iphrinta idinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uyinki usethe ngokwemihlahlandlela yomenzi. Amazinga okushisa afanele wokumisa nesikhathi kuya ngohlobo lwe-ink nendwangu esetshenzisiwe, ngakho-ke imiyalo idinga ukulandela uma iphrinta izokwakha into ehlala njalo.
6. Uyini umehluko phakathi kokuphrinta kwesikrini nokuphrinta kwedijithali?
Ukuphrinta okuqondiswa okuqondile okulungele ukugqoka (DTG) kusetshenziswa iphrinta yendwangu ezinikezele (ngandlela thile njengephrinta ye-inkjet computer) ukudlulisa izithombe ngqo kwindwangu. Ihlukile ekuphrintweni kwesikrini ukuthi iphrinta yedijithali isetshenziselwa ukudlulisa idizayini ngqo kwindwangu. Ngoba ayikho i-stencil, imibala eminingi ingafakwa ngasikhathi sinye, kunokuba isebenzise imibala eminingi kungqimba ehlukile, okusho ukuthi inqubo ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuphrinta imiklamo eyinkimbinkimbi noma emihle kakhulu.
Ngokungafani nokuphrinta kwesikrini, ukuphrinta kwedijithali kudinga cishe ukusetha, okusho ukuthi ukuphrinta kwedijithali kuyindlela ebiza kakhulu lapho uphrinta ama-batch amancane wezingubo noma izinto ezizodwa. Futhi ngoba isebenzisa izithombe zekhompyutha esikhundleni sezifanekiso, ilungile ngokwenza izithombe noma ukwakheka okuningiliziwe. Kodwa-ke, ngoba umbala uphrintiwe usebenzisa amachashazi omibala we-CMYK wesitayela kunokuba ukhethe umbala omsulwa, awukwazi ukuhlinzeka ngokuqina kombala okufanayo njengokuphrinta kombala okufanayo njengokuphrinta kombala okufanayo njengokuphrinta kwesikrini. Awukwazi ukusebenzisa iphrinta yedijithali ukudala imiphumela ebekiwe.
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Isikhathi sePosi: DEC-21-2023
