Inqubo yokudaya nezokuqeda (1)

Ukukhethwa kwenqubo yokudaya nenqubo yokuqeda kususelwa ikakhulu ezinhlobonhlobo, imininingwane nezidingo zomkhiqizo eziqediwe zendwangu, ezingahlukaniswa zisho ukwelashwa kwangaphambi kwalokho,ukudweyag, Ukuphrinta, ukuqeda ngemuva nokunye.

Ukwelashwa kwangaphambili

Imicu yemvelo iqukethe ukungcola, kwinqubo yokufaka izindwangu bese wengeza ukungcola okuthambile, uwoyela kanye nokungcola okungcolile, ukuba khona kwalokhu kungcola, akugcini ngokuphazamisa inqubekela phambili ebushelelezi yokudayi nokuqeda, kodwa futhi kuthinta ukusebenza kwendwangu yendwangu.

Inhloso yokwelashwa kwangaphambi kokusebenzisa isenzo samakhemikhali nezomzimba sokususa ukungcola ngendwangu, yenza indwangu ibe mhlophe, ithambe, futhi ibe nokuvunyelwa okuhle ukufeza izidingo zokuthatha, nokuphrinta nokuqeda.

Ukotini: Ukulungiswa kwendwangu okuluhlaza, ukucula, okusebenzayo, ukubilisa, ukuxubha, ukunakekela. I-Polyester: Ukulungiselela indwangu, okucwengekile (i-alkali ewuketshezi, njll.)

Caling

Imvamisa, ngemuva kokungena efektri yokuphrinta nokudaya emgodini wezindwangu, indwangu empunga kufanele iqale ihlolwe, iphendulwe, ihambile, ukuphrinta nokuthunga.

Izizathu:

(1) endwangu engahlali phansi kakhulu, ubude obuhlukile;

(2) Izinga lokuqeda limpofu, ukungcoliseka okulula;

(3) Ku-sequence zhongyi wool ukudaya ukudaya nokuqeda, ukuphrinta nokudaya iphutha.

Injongo yokuLinga:

(1) thuthukisa indwangu luster; Thuthukisa ukuqeda;

(2) Thuthukisa ukumelana nokuphanga (ikakhulukazi indwangu yamakhemikhali);

(3) Thuthukisa isitayela, ukucula kungenza indwangu iba yi-crisp, kwakuyithambo.

-Vumelayo

Enqubweni yokuluka, i-warp ifakwa ekuxineni okukhulu kanye nengxabano enkulu, okulula ukuyiphula. Ukuze unciphise ukugqashula kweWarp, thuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokuluka kanye nekhwalithi yendwangu empunga, kuyadingeka ukulinganisa intambo ye-warp ngaphambi kokuluka. I-fiber in the yarn inamathela futhi ibamba ndawonye, ​​futhi yakha ifilimu eliqinile eliqinile ebusweni bentambo, okwenza indwangu iqinile futhi ibushelelezi, ngaleyo ndlela ithuthukise amandla okuphambuka futhi igqoke ukumelana nentambo.

Injongo yenhloso: Ngemuva kokulinganisa, ukungena ezindizayo emiculweni futhi kunamathele engxenyeni ye-warp. Ngenkathi uthuthukisa ukusebenza kwentambo, i-slurry ingcolisa ukudaya nokuqeda uketshezi lokusebenzisa, igcizelela ukuxhumana kwamakhemikhali phakathi kwemicu nokudaya kanye nezinto zokwakha amakhemikhali, futhi kwenza kube nzima ukwenza ukucubungula nokuqeda ukucubungula.

(1) ISINGENISO SOKUVULA KAKHULU

I-Slurry Yemvelo: Isitashi, i-Seaweed Gum, Gum, njll.

Izakhiwo zesitashi:

① Endabeni yokuwohloka kwe-acid;

② Endabeni yokuqina kwe-alkali, ukuvuvukala;

③ Endabeni yama-oxidants kungahle kubukelwe;

④ Ngokubola kwesitashi kwe-enzyme ukubola.

I-Slurry Chemical: Ama-cellulose Derivatives anjenge-hydroxymethylcelcelulose (CMC), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), Polyacrylic acid, e-polyester, njll.

Izakhiwo ze-PVA:

① Izinzile ku-acid nesisekelo, i-viscosity ayinciphisi;

 Ilonakaliswa yi-oxidant.;

Ukusebenza okubanzi, ukuhambisana okuhle, akukho ukusabela kokuxuba

(2) Izindlela ezisetshenziswayo ezisetshenziswayo ezisetshenziswayo

1. I-alkali ekhuthazayo

Enye yezindlela ezisetshenziswe kabanzi ezitshalweni zokudaya ezifuywayo, kepha izinga elisebenzayo aliphakeme, futhi okunye ukungcola kungasuswa ngenkathi kukhuthaza.

Indlela: Ukusetshenziswa kweSodium Hydroxide Diliclute ukwelashwa kwesixazululo, isitashi ngaphansi kwesenzo sokuvuvukala kwe-alkali (noma ukuvuvukala) kwe-genomenon, ukuze kusabele ngamakhemikhali, ukunciphisa amandla okubopha phakathi kwefayibha kanye ne-slurry, bese kuthi ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okugeza nawokuwasha. Nge-PVA ne-polyyacrylate slurries, iyakwazi ukuncibilikisa i-sodium hydroxide kuzixazululo ze-Dlul.

(Starch) enzyme Desing

Ama-enzyme abizwa nangokuthi ama-enzyme, biocatalysts.

Izici: Izinga eliphakeme elikhulisayo, hhayi i-fiber yokulimala, kuphela isitashi, ayikwazi ukususa ukungcola.

Izici: a. Ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu. b. Ukucaciswa: I-enzyme ingakhankasela ukusabela okukodwa noma ngisho nokusabela okuthile. c. Umsebenzi uthinteka ngokushisa nenani le-PH.

Okokuhlelwa kwesitashi noma ama-starch ahlanganisiwe ama-slurries (okuqukethwe kwesitashi kubuswa), i-amylase ingasetshenziselwa ukwenza izinto.

I-acid ekhuthazayo

Isicelo sasekhaya asisiningi, ngoba ukusetshenziswa kulula ukulimaza i-fiber, kuhlangene nezinye izindlela. Indlela yezinyathelo ezimbili yamukelwa: I-alkali ekhuthazayo - i-acid ekhuthazayo. I-Acid Desing ingenza i-Starch Hydrolyze, isuse usawoti wamaminerali nokunye, futhi yenzelena ..

I-oxidation yenza

Umenzeli oxro2 (i-sodium bromite) H2O2, NA2S2O8, (NH4) 2S2O8, njll.

Isimiso: I-ejenti ye-oxidizing ingakwazi ukungcolisa zonke izinhlobo ze-slurry, isisindo sayo se-molecular kanye ne-viscosity yanda kakhulu, i-solubelity yamanzi iyakhuphuka, bese i-slurry iyavinjwa ukuthi ibambelele ku-fiber.

(1) ukubilisa

Inhloso yokubilisa ukususa ukungcola kwefayibha futhi uthuthukise izakhiwo ezisebenzayo zendwangu, ikakhulukazi i-wettAbility.

Ukungcola kwemvelo: Izindwangu zekotini ezimsulwa, ikakhulukazi izidalwa ze-fiber noma izidalwa ezihambisana nazo, kufaka phakathi i-wax ye-oyile, i-pectin, amaprotheni, amagobolondo omlotha.

Ukungcola okungokwemifashini: ukungcola okufana namafutha, i-ejenti yama-antistatic kanye no-oyela, ukugqwala kanye ne-slurry esetshenzisiwe ekusebenzeni nasekuluka ukucubungula.

Lokhu kungcoliswa kuthinta kakhulu ukungakhathali kwendwangu nokuvimbela ukudaya nokuqeda indwangu, futhi kufanele kususwe ohlelweni lokuhlanza nge-sodium hydroxide njenge-auxilide.

(2) Ukuqhuma

Ngemuva kokubilisa, iningi lokungcola okungokwemvelo nokwenziwayo kuinto ephothiweyo yaba yinguboziyasuswa, kepha ngezindwangu ezihlanganisiwe nezikhanyayo, ukugcwala kuyadingeka futhi. Lokho ukususa uPigment, thuthukisa ubumsulwa njengenhloso esemqoka yokucutshungulwa kwe-bleaching.

I-Chemical fiber ayinayo i-picment, ngemuva kokuthi ukubilisa kube mhlophe kakhulu, futhi i-fiber yekotini ngemuva kokuhlanza i-pigment isekhona, ubumsulwa bumpofu kakhulu, ngakho-ke i-bleaching ikakhulukazi ukungcola kwemvelo ku-cotton fiber.

(3) I-Bleach

Uhlobo lwe-Oxidation: I-sodium hypochlorite, i-hydrogen peroxide kanye ne-sodium chlorite, njll., Ikakhulukazi esetshenziswa kukotini fiber nezindwangu ezihlanganisiwe.

Kuncishisiwe: Nahso3 kanye nomshuwalense we-Powder, njll., Ikakhulukazi esetshenziselwa izindwangu zefayibha yamaprotheni.

(4) I-Sodium Hypochlorite Bleaching:

I-Sodium Hypochlorite Bleaching isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuxubha izindwangu zekotini kanye nezindwangu ezihlanganisiwe zekotoni, futhi kwesinye isikhathi futhi zisetshenziselwa ukuqhutshwa kwezindwangu zekotini zekotini. Kodwa-ke, ayikwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukubhoboza imicu yeprotheni enjengesilika novolo, ngoba iSodium Hypochlorite inomphumela obhubhisayo emicu yeprotheni, futhi yenza imicu iphuzi nomonakalo. Enqubweni yokubhidliza, ngaphezu kokubhujiswa kwemibala yemvelo, i-fiber yekotini uqobo nayo ingalimala, ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukulawula imibandela yenqubo yokufafaza, ukuze ikhwalithi yokubukeka nekhwalithi yangaphakathi ifanelekile.

I-Sodium Hypochlorite kulula ukuyikhiqiza, izindleko eziphansi, ukusetshenziswa kwe-sodium hypochlorite bleaching kuyinto elula, imishini elula, kepha ngoba ukuqhutshwa kwe-sodium hypochlorite kubi ngokuvikelwa kwemvelo, ngakho-ke kancane kancane ithathelwa indawo yi-hydrogen peroxide.

(5) I-Hydrogen Peroxide Bleaching H2O2:

I-Hydrogen Peroxide, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Hydrogen Peroxide, inefomula ye-molecular h2o2. I-Hydrogen Peroxide Bleaching ibizwa nge-oxygen bleaching. Ukuqina kwesixazululo se-hydrogen peroxide kumpofu kakhulu ngaphansi kwezimo ze-alkaline. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-hydrogen peroxide ye-acidic buthakathaka acidic.

Indwangu ehlanganiswe nge-hydrogen peroxide inomhlophe omuhle, umbala omsulwa, futhi akulula ukuphuzi lapho igcinwa. Kusetshenziswa kabanzi ngendwangu yekotoni. Ukuqhuma kwe-oksijini kunezimo eziguqukayo kunokuxubha kwe-chlorine, kepha i-hydrogen peroxide iphakeme kunentengo ye-sodium hypochlorite, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuxakile kudinga imishini yensimbi engagqwali, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kukhudlwana, izindleko ziphakeme kakhulu kunesi-chlorine bleaching.

Njengamanje, indlela evulekile ye-Steam Bleaching isetshenziswa kabanzi kumafektri wokuphrinta nokudaya. Le ndlela inezinga eliphakeme lokuqhubeka, ezenzakalelayo kanye nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, inqubo elula yokugeleza futhi ayivezi ukungcoliswa kwemvelo.

I-5. Indwangu endelwe (yendwangu yekotoni)

Izindwangu ngaphansi kwesimo esithile sengxabano, ngosizo lwe-caustic soda egxilile, futhi kugcinwe usayizi odingekayo, kungathola i-silky luster, le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi yi-merrerization.

(1) Inhloso ye-mercerization:

A.Impintshana i-gloss surface futhi uzizwe ngendwangu, ngenxa yokuvuvukala kwefayibha, ukuhleleka kwefayibheli kuhlelekile kakhulu, futhi ukuboniswa kokukhanya kuvame kakhulu, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukisa i-gloss.
B.Khuthekisa isilinganiso sombala wokudaya ngemuva kokuqeda ukuqeda, indawo ye-fiber iyancipha, ukukhuphuka kwendawo ye-amorphous, futhi ama-blioling ukwedlula ama-fiber wekotini ancishisiwe akhuphuke ngo-20%, ngasikhathi sinye ukukhulisa amandla okumboza kwangaphambili okufile.
C.Ukuthuthukisa ukuqina kobukhulu obukhali sebeqedile ukuqeda umphumela wokuqamba, kungasusa imibimbi yentambo, ngaphezulu kungahlangabezana nezidingo zekhwalithi zokudaya nokuphrinta imikhiqizo nengxenye yengxenye. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ngemuva kokuzwela, ukuqina kokuguqulwa kwendwangu kwathuthukiswa kakhulu, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa kakhulu isilinganiso se-shrinkage yendwangu.

6. Ukucwengisisa, ukuncipha kwangaphambili (indwangu yamakhemikhali)

Inhloso yokucocwa kwangaphambi kokuncipha ikakhulukazi ukususa amafutha, ama-slurry kanye nokungcola okukhishwe kwindwangu (i-fiber) ngesikhathi sokugcina Indwangu engwevu kufanele ibe shrunk ngaphambi kwenani le-alkali, kanye nezithasiselo ezinjenge-olein ne-caustic soda kufanele zingezwe kakhulu. Ukwehliswa kwendwangu yamakhemikhali yefayili kwenziwa ekushiseni okuphezulu nomshini wokudaya okucindezelayo.

I-7.Alkali Reduction (Indwangu yamakhemikhali)

(1) Umgomo kanye nomphumela wokuncishiswa kwe-alkali

Ukwelashwa kwe-Alkali Reduction kuyinqubo yokwelapha indwangu ye-polyester ekushiseni okuphezulu nasekugxiliseni phakathi okuvuthayo. I-Polyester Fiber i-hydrolyzed futhi yephulwe yi-Ester Bond of poyester chain yama-polyeture ebusweni be-fiber ku-sodium hydroxide addroxide khambisi, futhi ekugcineni i-sodium terphthalate yakhiwa. Imishini yokunciphisa i-Alkali ikakhulukazi ifaka phakathi umshini wokuphuza ngokweqile, umshini wokunciphisa okuqhubekayo, umshini wokunciphisa ngokunciphisa imishini izinhlobo ezintathu, ngaphandle kokuchichima umshini wokudaya; Imishini eqhubekayo futhi emincane yokunciphisa imishini ingavuselela i-LY esele. Ukuze uqinisekise ukuqina kwesimo sokubukeka nosayizi wendwangu empunga eminye imikhiqizo yokunciphisa i-alkali, kuyadingeka ukwengeza inqubo enqunyelwe ngaphambili, bese ufaka inqubo yokudaya.