1.Kunganiilineniuzizwa upholile?
Ilineni libonakala ngokuthinta okupholile, linganciphisa inani lokujuluka, izinsuku ezishisayo zigqoke ukotini ohlanzekile, umjuluko uphindwe izikhathi ezingu-1.5 kunelineni. Uma unelineni elizungezile futhi uligoqe entendeni yesandla sakho, uzothola ukuthi ilineni esandleni sakho lihlale lipholile futhi alishisi. Zama ukotini. Kuzoshisa ngemva kwesikhashana.
Ilinenikupholile ukugqoka ehlobo ngoba iyi-fiber yemvelo ene-hygroscopic ne-hygroscopic kakhulu.
I-Flax iwuhlobo lwekhambi, iflaksi engamakhulu ezinhlobo zezinhlobo, imboni yendwangu ukusetshenziswa kwefilakisi yefiber, ukukhula kwesimo sezulu esibanda kakhulu, ububanzi benduku buncane bokutshala obuminyene, ukuphakama kuvame ukuba phakathi kwamamitha ayi-1 ~ 1.2, ububanzi benduku ngokuvamile buphakathi kuka-1 ~ 2cm.
I-Flax emjikelezweni wokukhula wezinsuku ezingama-30-40, njalo nge-1kg yokukhula kwefilakisi, ukunikeza u-470kg wamanzi, ngakho-ke iflaksi ngokwemvelo inokumunca umswakama oqinile kanye namandla okuthutha emanzini.
Ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu se-electron, i-filakisi yefilakisi ibukeka njengoqalo olungenalutho, lesi sakhiwo esingenalutho sefilakisi yefilakisi, sinendawo enkulu ethile, ukuze imicu yefilakisi ibe nezindawo eziqinile ze-hygroscopic kanye ne-hygroscopic. I-Flax ingakwazi ukumunca isisindo samanzi esiphindwe izikhathi ezingu-20, i-flax ingakwazi ukumunca u-20% wesisindo sayo samanzi, futhi igcine umuzwa owomile.
Kungenxa yezakhiwo eziqinile ze-hygroscopic kanye ne-hygroscopic yelineni ukuthi ukugqoka izingubo zelineni noma amashidi elineni okulala ehlobo kukhiqiza into ye-capillary lapho ithintana nesikhumba, futhi umjuluko womuntu kanye nomhwamuko wamanzi udonswa ngokushesha futhi uqhutshwa yizintambo zelineni, okwenza umuntu. umzimba uzwa ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa futhi isikhumba sihlale somile. Yingakho iflakisi lizwakala lipholile.
2.Kungani ilineni lingenawo ugesi omile?
Ifilakisi, i-hemp, iflakisi neminye imicu ye-hemp cishe ayinawo ugesi omile. Umswakama ovamile wokubuyiswa kwefilakisi (okungaqondwa kalula nje ngokuthi okuqukethwe kwamanzi emicu yefilakisi) kungu-12%, ophakeme kakhulu emicu yezitshalo yemvelo. Ihambisana nesakhiwo esingenalutho sefilakisi, inempahla eqinile ye-hygroscopic, ngakho-ke ibhalansi yeshaja enhle nebi yefilakisi yefilakisi ayikhiqizi ugesi omile.
Inzuzo yokungakhiqizi ugesi omile yukuthi izingubo zelineni ngeke zisondele ngenxa kagesi omile, futhi akulula ukumunca uthuli namanye ama-microorganisms ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Ngakho-ke, ngaphezu kwezingubo, ilineni liyindwangu enhle kakhulu yendwangu yasekhaya, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izingubo zokulala, amakhethini, noma izembozo ze-sofa, zingagcinwa zihlanzekile isikhathi eside futhi zinciphise imvamisa yokuhlanza. Ezindwangu ezijwayelekile, isidingo esiyinhloko sokufaka ilineni elingu-10%, elingavimbela ngokuphumelelayo ugesi omile.
3.Kungani ilineni lilungele ukuvikeleka kwe-UV?
(1)Flax fiber, equkethe i-UV-emunca i-hemicellulose.
(2)Ingaphezulu lefilakisi yefilakisi inokucwebezela kwemvelo futhi ingabonisa ukukhanya okuthile.
Imboni yezindwangu idinga i-cellulose emicu yezitshalo. Ifilakisi lihlukile kunokotini, okuyisithelo futhi ingxenye yalo eyinhloko i-cellulose, enokungcola okumbalwa.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-flax fiber iyi-bast fiber evela esiqwini sefilakisi. Ngochungechunge lokucubungula, i-fiber yefilakisi ingatholakala iyingxenye encane. Ihekthare (amahektha ayi-100) lomhlaba lingakhiqiza amakhilogremu angu-6,000 wefilakisi eluhlaza, ngemva kokushaya i-hemp - ikamu, lingakhiqiza amakhilogremu angu-500 abe yifilakisi emfishane, amakhilogremu angu-300 abe yifilakisi emfushane, i-filakisi ende i-fibre 600 kilograms.
Ku-fibre yefilakisi, okuqukethwe kwe-cellulose kungama-70 kuya ku-80% kuphela, kanti inhlaka esele (i-linolenin symbiosis) ithi:
(1)I-Hemicellulose: 8%~11%
(2) I-Lignin: 0.8%~7%
(3) I-Lipid wax: 2%~4%
(4) I-Pectin: 0.4%~4.5%
(5) Izinto ezine-nitrogen: 0.4%~0.7%
(6) Okuqukethwe komlotha: 0.5%~ 3%
Eqinisweni, izici eziningi zefibre yefilakisi, njengokuzwakala okumaholo, ukuvikelwa kwe-UV, ukulahleka kwezinwele, kungenxa yalezi zi-colloid.
I-Flax fiber, equkethe i-8% ~ 11% ye-hemicellulose, lezi zingxenye ze-hemicellulose ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, yakhiwa i-xylose, i-mannose, i-galactose, i-arabinose, i-rhamnoose namanye ama-copolymers, manje le nqubo ayikwazi ukususwa ngokuphelele. i-hemicellulose enikeza iflakisi isivikelo esihle kakhulu se-UV.
4.Kungani enye iflakisi izwakala ilukhuni, ihlaba, futhi kungelula ukuyidaya?
Ngoba i-flax iqukethe i-lignin. I-Lignin ingenye yezingxenye zodonga lwamaseli wefilakisi, ikakhulukazi etholakala kuzicubu ze-xylem ne-phloem zesiqu sefilakisi, futhi idlala indima esekelayo kufilakisi. Ikhono lokumelana nemiphumela ethile yemishini.
I-lignin ekufilakisi yefilakisi ayikwazi ukususwa ngokuphelele ngemva kokucubungula, okuqukethwe kwe-lignin cishe ku-2.5% ~ 5% ngemva kwe-degum, futhi okuqukethwe kwe-lignin cishe ku-2.88% ngemva kokucubungula ibe yintambo yefilakisi eluhlaza, kanye nenani elincane lefilakisi elihle lezinga eliphezulu. ingalawulwa ngaphakathi kwe-1%.
I-Flax lignin, i-hemicellulose, ngamafuphi, ngaphezu kwazo zonke izingxenye ze-cellulose, ezibizwa ngokuthi yi-gum. Imicu yefilakisi, ngaphezu kwe-lignin gum, nayo ithinta umuzwa wefilakisi.
Impela kungenxa yokuba khona kwe-lignin ne-gum, ngakho umuzwa wefilakisi unomahhadlahhadla, uyashwabana, uphakeme uma kuqhathaniswa, awunwebekanga kahle, futhi uyaluma.
Futhi kungenxa yokuba khona kwe-gum, i-flax fiber crystallinity iphakeme, ilungiselelo lamangqamuzana liqinile futhi lizinzile, alikwazi ukubhujiswa ngokudaya izithasiselo, ngakho-ke i-fibre yefilakisi akulula ukuyidaya, futhi ukushesha kombala ngemva kokudaya kubi kakhulu. . Yingakho amalineni amaningi enziwe ngelineni.
Uma ufuna ukwenzailineniukudaya kangcono, ngakolunye uhlangothi kuwukwenza ukwelashwa okuhle kwe-degumming, emva kokudaya kwelineni elicolisekile okubili degumming kuzoba ngcono. Khona-ke ukusetshenziswa kaningi caustic soda, abhubhise crystallization yefilakisi, yemvelo yefilakisi crystallinity 70%, ngemva kanzulu alkali ukwelashwa kwehliselwe ku-50 ~ 60%, kungase futhi ngcono umphumela ukudaya yefilakisi. Ngamafuphi, uma uhlangabezana nezingubo zelineni ezinemibala ekhanyayo, kufanele kube yizimpahla eziphezulu, izinga eliphezulu, futhi intengo ngeke ibe eshibhile.
5.Kungani ilineni lishwabana kalula?
(1) Umucu okwazi ukumelana nokuqina akulula ukuwucisha futhi ushwabene. Imicu yezilwane, enjengokotini, i-Modal kanye noboya, iyi-curly fiber structures futhi iyakwazi ukumelana nokuguquguquka okuthile.
(2) Izindwangu ezinithiwe zinegebe elikhulu uma kuqhathaniswa, futhi ukuqina kokuguqulwa kunamandla uma kuqhathaniswa.
Kodwa le nto yefilakisi, "i-bamboo engenalutho" yensimbi eqondile yesakhiwo sowesilisa, nayo ine-lignin nezinye i-colloid, ngakho-ke i-fibre yefilakisi ayinwebekanga, ayinakho ukuguquguquka kokuqina. Indwangu yelineni nayo ilukwe ngokuyinhloko, futhi isakhiwo sendwangu asibuyisi ukuqina. Ngakho-ke, ukugoqa kwefilakisi kulingana nokuhlephula induku encane, engakwazi ukubuyiselwa.
Njengoba ilineni linemibimbi, empeleni, lapho ugqoke izingubo zelineni, awukwazi ukuthatha umphumela wekotini, uboya, usilika njengereferensi.
Kufanele iklanywe futhi inqunywe ngezici zelineni, kumafilimu e-costume aseYurophu naseMelika, izingubo ezibonakala ikakhulukazi zisekelwe ilineni, ungakwazi ukunaka isitayela osithandayo uma ubona ifilimu, izingubo eziningi zelineni zisalokhu kakhulu. ukubukeka kahle.
Manje sekukhona nelineni elicolekileyo eliphakeme, ngemuva kwe-degumming emibili, i-lignin ne-gum control ebangeni elincane, ukwelashwa kwe-linen fibre ibe eduze nezici ze-cotton fiber, bese kuba ukotini, isikhunta nokunye okuhlanganiswe nezindwangu eziphothiwe, lokhu Indwangu yelineni ephezulu ngokuyisisekelo ixazulula inkinga yokushwabana yelineni, kodwa lolu hlobo lwemikhiqizo lusembalwa kakhulu, intengo ibiza kakhulu kune-cashmere nosilika, yamanje ayiyona into evamile, Kulindeleke ukuthi idume esikhathini esizayo.
6.Kungani ukugcotshwa kwefilakisi nokuchitheka kalula?
Ngoba imicu yefilakisi mifushane kakhulu. I-fabric fibre, izacile futhi yinde kuphela, ingaphotha umugqa wentambo onenani eliphezulu, uhlamvu olunenani eliphezulu uboya obuncane, akulula ukubuthelela.
Umucu wefilakisi wendabuko usebenzisa indlela yokuphotha emanzi, umcu wefilakisi usikwa ube ngobude obungaba ngu-20mm, kanti ukotini, uvolo, ivelvethi nokunye ngokuvamile kucishe kube ngu-30mm, uma kuqhathaniswa nefilakisi fiber mfishane kakhulu, kulula ukuwenza izinwele. Kukhona futhi i-fibre emfishane engu-16mm ku-fibre yefilakisi, futhi ukupilisa kubucayi kakhulu.
Ngokuqhubeka kwenqubo, manje sekukhona ne-cotton hemp fiber (ukotini we-linseed), kanye nefilakisi ecolekile. Inqubo yesibili ye-degumming ye-flax fiber icutshungulwa ibe yi-fiber engu-30 ~ 40mm, eseduze nezici zikakotini, uvolo kanye ne-cashmere, futhi ingahlanganiswa futhi ilukwe. Ngakho kunomehluko omkhulu ngekhwalithi kanye nomehluko omkhulu ngentengo phakathi kwefilakisi nefilakisi.
7.Ingabe amafutha e-flaxseed avela ku-flax?
Akulona uhlobo olufanayo lwefilakisi, i-flax iyisitshalo, kunamakhulu ezinhlobo zefilakisi, ezihlukaniswa ngokusetshenziswa:
(1) I-textile fiber flax: ikhula endaweni ebandayo
(2) Ifilakisi likawoyela: limila ezindaweni ezishisayo
(3) Uwoyela nefiber flax: ikhula ezindaweni ezipholile nezishisayo
Ezweni lakithi, i-fiber flax ibizwa ngokuthi "i-flax", futhi amafutha anamafutha kanye ne-fiber ibizwa ngokuthi "i-flax", imbewu ye-flax ingenza uwoyela wefilakisi, owaziwa nangokuthi uwoyela wembewu yefilakisi. I-Flax kawoyela emhlabeni iyindawo yesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni ekhiqiza i-flax, okukhiphayo kungokwesibili ngemuva kweCanada, iflaksi ikhula ikakhulukazi enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeChina, ephuma phambili kakhulu e-Inner Mongolia.
I-fiber lineni kanye nelineni lamafutha kokubili kuyizinto zokusetshenziswa zokweluka ilineni, ukwenza izingubo zelineni kanye nemibhede yelineni esiyidingayo. Phakathi kwazo, i-fiber flax etshalwe endaweni engaphansi kwe-subfrigid, isivuno kanye nekhwalithi kungcono, izindawo ezikhiqizayo eziyinhloko yilezi: i-France, i-Netherlands, iBelgium, kanye nesifunda sase-Heilongjiang sase-China, ukukhiqizwa kwefilakisi yendwangu kulezi zindawo, kubalwa cishe i-10. % yesamba sokukhiqizwa kwefilakisi emhlabeni jikelele. Ngakho-ke, iflaksi etshalwa emhlabeni isakhiqiza uwoyela ngokuyinhloko, futhi ukudla kubaluleke kakhulu kunokugqoka.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-26-2024
